{"id":55673,"date":"2018-04-05T17:00:20","date_gmt":"2018-04-05T14:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sanatate.md\/?page_id=55673"},"modified":"2018-04-05T17:00:20","modified_gmt":"2018-04-05T14:00:20","slug":"plexopatia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sanatate.md\/ro\/boli-si-tratament\/boli-neurologice\/plexopatia\/","title":{"rendered":"Plexopatia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Plexopatia (plexitis) – leziuni ale nervilor, consecin\u0163\u0103 a traumatismelor sau localizarea bolii. Boala se dezvolt\u0103 ca rezultat al compresiei cronice, infiltrarea de tumori maligne, radioterapie sau chimioterapie. \u00cen func\u021bie de loca\u021bia nodurilor nervoase plexopatia este:<\/p>\n

\u2022 plexopatia de col uterin;
\n\u2022 plexopatia lombar\u0103;
\n\u2022 plexopatia sacral\u0103.<\/p>\n

Exper\u021bii identific\u0103 trei tipuri de st\u0103ri de boal\u0103:<\/p>\n

\u2022 sindromul Erba – apare atunci, c\u00e2nd se deterioreaz\u0103 r\u0103d\u0103cinile C5 \u0219i C6, \u0219i se manifest\u0103 paralizia mu\u0219chiul deltoid (e imposibil de a mi\u015fca m\u00e2na la o parte); paralizia biceps \u0219i mu\u0219chii umerilor supinatori, care nu \u00eendoaie antebra\u021bul; paralizia excesiv\u0103 \u0219i mu\u0219chii infraspinatus;
\n\u2022 Sindromul Dejerine-Klumpke – se dezvolt\u0103 la deteriorarea r\u0103d\u0103cinilor C8 \u0219i D1, se manifest\u0103 prin paralizia labei;
\n\u2022 Sindromul Horner \u2013 este o deta\u015fare a r\u0103d\u0103cinilor de m\u0103duva spin\u0103rii.
\nAtunci, c\u00e2nd afectarea nervilor plexului umerilor este mare, se dezvolt\u0103 paralizia muscular\u0103 pe jum\u0103tate de um\u0103r \u0219i \u00eentregul bra\u021b, se pierde sensibilitatea \u00een aceste zone. Ca variant\u0103 poate fi amiotrofia nevralgic\u0103, manifestat\u0103 prin durere sever\u0103 \u00een um\u0103r, care se transform\u0103 \u00eentr-o paralizie atrofic\u0103 grea a m\u00e2nii. Se presupune originea autoimun\u0103 a acestei boli periculoase.<\/p>\n

Cauzele<\/h3>\n

\u00cen cele mai multe cazuri se presupune o plexopatie brahial\u0103, care se dezvolta ca urmare a traumei (na\u0219tere traumatic\u0103, dislocarea articula\u021biei um\u0103rului, anestezie, transportarea permanent\u0103 a \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103turilor grele pe um\u0103r – a\u0219a-numita \u201eparalizia rucsacului\u201c), r\u0103nilor prin \u00eenjunghiere, boala osoas\u0103 (proces transversal hipertrofic a r\u0103d\u0103cinii C7 \u00een sectorul g\u00eetului \u015fi a coastelor), idiopatia, compresia v\u00e2rfului pl\u0103m\u00e2nului prin noua formare.<\/p>\n

Plexopatia postraumatic\u0103 se dezvolt\u0103 ca o consecin\u0163\u0103 a accidentului vascular cerebral, a unui accident sau a unei c\u0103z\u0103turi.<\/p>\n

Simptomele bolii<\/h3>\n

Speciali\u0219tii identific\u0103 urm\u0103toarele etape ale bolii:<\/p>\n

\u2022 nevralgic – \u00een care pe pacient \u00eel sup\u0103r\u0103 o durere spontan\u0103, acesta se amplific\u0103 \u00een timpul mi\u0219c\u0103rii sau compresiei ganglionului;
\n\u2022 paralitic – care se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin pareza periferic\u0103, paralizia mu\u0219chilor.<\/p>\n

Ca urmare a \u00eenfr\u00e2ngerii durerii plexului cervical \u0219i a regiunii occipitale, starea e condi\u00edonat\u0103 de pareza mu\u0219chilor g\u00e2tului \u0219i a diafragmei. \u00cen cazul, \u00een care nervul diafragmatic e iritat, apare sughi\u021bul.
\nLa dureriile plexului brahial boala se localizeaz\u0103 \u00een zonele supraclaviculare. Ea se r\u0103sp\u00e2nde\u015fte \u00een bra\u021b, se inflameaz\u0103 mu\u0219chii umerilor, bra\u021belor, se diminueaz\u0103 sau dispar complet reflexele profunde ale \u00eentregului membru. Se dezvolt\u0103 tulbur\u0103rile de tip autonom-trofice: cianoza, transpira\u021bia, membrele superioare se fac palide, se distrug unghiile.<\/p>\n

Diagnosticarea<\/span><\/p>\n

Diagnosticul se bazeaza pe localizarea durerii \u0219i a tulbur\u0103rilor de mi\u0219care. Se efectueaz\u0103 studiile necesare:
\n\u2022 Electromiografia;
\n\u2022 Electronografia;
\n\u2022 Raze X.<\/p>\n

Tratamentul<\/h3>\n

Pacientul poate fi tratat ambulatoriu, precum \u0219i \u00een spital.
\nPacien\u0163ilor li-e indicat:
\n\u2022 terapia anti-inflamatorie;
\n\u2022 analgezice \u0219i deshidratarea medicamentar\u0103;
\n\u2022 fizioterapia.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 ce durerea intens\u0103 trece, se prescriu:<\/p>\n

\u2022 terapie sportiv\u0103;
\n\u2022 masaj;
\n\u2022 balneoterapie;
\n\u2022 vitaminele B1 \u015fi B12.<\/p>\n

Se recomand\u0103:<\/p>\n

\u2022 ATP;
\n\u2022 Lidaza.<\/p>\n

Aceea\u015fi schem\u0103 e \u015fi la tratarea bolilor infec\u021bioase-alergice \u0219i a etiologiei de intoxica\u021bie. \u00cen forma cronic\u0103 a st\u0103rii de boal\u0103 pacientului i se recomand\u0103 tratamentul la sanatoriu.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Plexopatia (plexitis) – leziuni ale nervilor, consecin\u0163\u0103 a traumatismelor sau localizarea bolii. Boala se dezvolt\u0103 ca rezultat al compresiei cronice, infiltrarea de tumori maligne, radioterapie sau chimioterapie. \u00cen func\u021bie de loca\u021bia nodurilor nervoase plexopatia este: \u2022 plexopatia de col uterin; \u2022 plexopatia lombar\u0103; \u2022 plexopatia sacral\u0103. Exper\u021bii identific\u0103 trei tipuri de st\u0103ri de boal\u0103: \u2022 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"parent":52978,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-55673","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"\nPlexopatia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Plexopatia (plexitis) - leziuni ale nervilor, consecin\u0163\u0103 a traumatismelor sau localizarea bolii. 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